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India Tests Parachute System for Gaganyaan — Historic Drop Test Complete

14 November 2025 by
Hridhaan Sahay

On 3 November 2025, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) conducted a full-scale parachute drop test of the Gaganyaan crew-module simulator from an altitude of about 2.5 km over the Babina Field Firing Range in Uttar Pradesh. Space+3ISRO+3Gadgets 360+3

The drop used the IAF’s IL-76 aircraft which released a simulated module weighing around 7.2 tons. Space+1

Why It Matters

This isn’t a “nice to have” test—it’s a critical risk-mitigation step for India’s human spaceflight ambitions. The parachute system is fundamental for safely returning astronauts to Earth.

During this test:

  • The parachute sequence was executed: cover separation → drogue chutes → pilot chutes → main parachutes. ISRO+1

  • ISRO deliberately simulated an off-nominal scenario: one of the main parachutes (or the timing between mains) was stressed to validate redundancy and structural robustness. ISRO

  • The system uses 10 parachutes of four types to ensure safe descent. Hindustan Times+1

Implications

  • The Gaganyaan programme gets a major tick of reliability. For you, Hridhaan: this is the kind of milestone that defines aerospace engineering projects—scaled testing, failure modes baked in, redundancy designed in.

  • With this test done, ISRO can more credibly aim for its target of human spaceflight (currently projected for 2027 or later). Space+1

  • It sets a precedent in India for “space-safety” culture: you don’t just fly when you’re ready—you test until you’re beyond ready.

Key Technical Takeaways

  • Drop altitude: ~2.5 km. ISRO+1

  • Simulated mass: ~7.2 tons (≈6.5 metric tonnes). Space

  • Parachute sequence:

    1. Two apex cover separation parachutes

    2. Two drogue parachutes for stability and deceleration

    3. Three pilot parachutes to extract the mains

    4. Three main parachutes to handle primary deceleration

      ISRO+1

  • The mains are designed so that just two of the three need to succeed for a safe landing—built-in redundancy. ISRO+1

  • “Reefed inflation” and “disreefing” are part of the opening sequence: partial inflation first, then full opening after a delay. This reduces opening shock and structural stress. ISRO+1

What’s Next

  • Further tests: ISRO will carry out additional parachute drops under other scenarios, plus full integrated tests involving splashdown/recovery.

  • Uncrewed mission(s): Before sending humans, Gaganyaan will fly uncrewed demonstration missions with robot passengers etc.

  • Human mission timeline: The 2027 timeframe remains targetted, but as you know with aerospace, “target” ≠ “guaranteed”.

Reference:

Space.com, “India tests parachutes for Gaganyaan astronaut capsule (video)” — published 11 Nov 2025. Space

ISRO press release, “Successful accomplishment of key development test in Integrated Main Parachute Airdrop Test (IMAT) series for Gaganyaan mission” — 11 Nov 2025. ISRO

Hridhaan Sahay 14 November 2025